*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

:root {
  --navy: #16293a;
  --navy-2: #21445f;
  --accent: #2e6da4;
  --accent-soft: #eaf2f8;
  --green: #2e7d63;
  --light: #f6f3ed;
  --white: #ffffff;
  --text: #2e3035;
  --muted: #65707a;
  --border: #ddd9d0;
  --shadow: 0 10px 34px rgba(22,41,58,.09);
}

html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body {
  font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;
  background: var(--light);
  color: var(--text);
  min-height: 100vh;
  line-height: 1.65;
}
a { color: var(--accent); }
img { max-width: 100%; display: block; }

nav.global-nav {
  background: var(--navy);
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.16);
}
.nav-inner {
  max-width: 1180px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex;
  align-items: stretch;
  padding: 0 22px;
}
.nav-brand {
  font-family: 'Lora', serif;
  color: #fff;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  padding-right: 26px;
  margin-right: 8px;
}
.nav-brand span { color: #83b9df; font-style: italic; }
.nav-item { position: relative; }
.nav-item > a, .nav-item > button.nav-parent {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  height: 60px;
  padding: 0 21px;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,.84);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-family: inherit;
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: .87rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  white-space: nowrap;
  transition: .18s ease;
}
.nav-item > a:hover, .nav-item:hover > a, .nav-item > button.nav-parent:hover, .nav-item:hover > button.nav-parent { color: #fff; background: rgba(255,255,255,.07); }
.chevron { font-size: .58rem; opacity: .7; transition: transform .18s; }
.nav-item:hover .chevron { transform: rotate(180deg); }
.dropdown {
  position: absolute;
  top: 100%; left: 0;
  min-width: 260px;
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-top: 3px solid var(--accent);
  border-radius: 0 0 8px 8px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  opacity: 0; pointer-events: none;
  transform: translateY(-6px);
  transition: .18s ease;
}
.nav-item:hover .dropdown { opacity: 1; pointer-events: all; transform: translateY(0); }
.dropdown a {
  display: block;
  padding: 11px 17px;
  font-size: .84rem;
  color: var(--text);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #f0ece4;
}
.dropdown a:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.dropdown a:hover { background: var(--accent-soft); color: var(--accent); }

.hero, .page-hero {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy) 0%, var(--navy-2) 100%);
  color: #fff;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.hero::before, .page-hero::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute; inset: 0;
  background: radial-gradient(circle at 20% 30%, rgba(126,184,232,.12), transparent 28%), radial-gradient(circle at 80% 70%, rgba(255,255,255,.06), transparent 26%);
}
.hero { padding: 112px 24px 96px; }
.page-hero { padding: 78px 24px 62px; text-align: center; }
.hero-inner, .page-hero-inner { position: relative; max-width: 1020px; margin: 0 auto; }
.hero-inner { text-align: left; }
.hero-tag, .page-tag {
  display: inline-block;
  color: #8dc3e8;
  border: 1px solid rgba(141,195,232,.4);
  border-radius: 999px;
  padding: 5px 13px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  font-size: .72rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.hero h1, .page-hero h1 {
  font-family: 'Lora', serif;
  color: #fff;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.18;
}
.hero h1 { font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 5.7vw, 4.25rem); max-width: 900px; }
.page-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem); }
.hero h1 em, .page-hero h1 em { color: #8dc3e8; font-style: italic; }
.hero p { max-width: 760px; margin-top: 24px; font-size: 1.08rem; color: rgba(255,255,255,.78); line-height: 1.8; }
.hero-actions { display: flex; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: 32px; }
.btn {
  display: inline-block;
  border-radius: 7px;
  padding: 12px 20px;
  font-size: .9rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: .18s ease;
}
.btn-primary { background: var(--accent); color: #fff; }
.btn-primary:hover { background: #245d90; transform: translateY(-1px); }
.btn-secondary { border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.35); color: #fff; }
.btn-secondary:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,.08); }

.section { max-width: 1160px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 76px 24px; }
.section.narrow { max-width: 850px; }
.section-label { color: var(--accent); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .11em; font-size: .73rem; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.section h2, .page-content h2 { font-family: 'Lora', serif; color: var(--navy); font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 3vw, 2.25rem); line-height: 1.25; margin-bottom: 18px; }
.section-intro { max-width: 810px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 1rem; margin-bottom: 34px; }

.cards { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 22px; }
.cards.four { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }
.card {
  background: var(--white);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 28px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(22,41,58,.03);
}
.card h3 { color: var(--navy); font-size: 1rem; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.card p { color: var(--muted); font-size: .92rem; }
.card-icon {
  width: 42px; height: 42px; border-radius: 9px;
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  background: var(--accent-soft); color: var(--accent); margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.card .more { display: inline-block; margin-top: 16px; text-decoration: none; font-weight: 500; font-size: .87rem; }

.callout {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--accent);
  border-radius: 10px;
  padding: 24px 26px;
  margin: 28px 0;
}
.callout strong { color: var(--navy); }

.concept-flow {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 12px;
  margin-top: 30px;
}
.flow-step {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 10px;
  padding: 21px;
  position: relative;
}
.flow-step small { display: block; color: var(--accent); text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .08em; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.flow-step h3 { color: var(--navy); font-size: .96rem; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.flow-step p { color: var(--muted); font-size: .85rem; }

.band { background: #edf2f5; border-top: 1px solid #dce4e8; border-bottom: 1px solid #dce4e8; }
.band .section { padding-top: 62px; padding-bottom: 62px; }

.page-content { max-width: 850px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 62px 24px 78px; }
.page-content h2 { margin-top: 38px; }
.page-content h3 { color: var(--navy); margin: 26px 0 8px; font-size: 1.05rem; }
.page-content p { margin-bottom: 18px; color: #3e4248; }
.page-content ul, .page-content ol { margin: 0 0 22px 22px; }
.page-content li { margin: 8px 0; }
.page-content .lead { font-size: 1.08rem; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.8; }

.decision-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 18px; margin: 28px 0 34px; }
.decision-card { background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 12px; padding: 24px; }
.decision-card .kicker { color: var(--accent); font-size: .72rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .09em; font-weight: 600; }
.decision-card h3 { margin: 8px 0 8px; }
.decision-card p { color: var(--muted); font-size: .9rem; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.decision-card strong { color: var(--navy); }

.dimension-list { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr); gap: 12px; margin: 28px 0; }
.dimension { background: white; border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 10px; padding: 18px; text-align: center; font-size: .86rem; color: var(--navy); font-weight: 500; }

.atlas-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.05fr .95fr; gap: 34px; align-items: center; }
.atlas-shot { border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 12px; box-shadow: var(--shadow); overflow: hidden; background: #fff; }

.stat-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 14px; margin: 24px 0; }
.stat { background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 10px; padding: 20px; }
.stat strong { display: block; font-family: 'Lora', serif; font-size: 1.8rem; color: var(--navy); }
.stat span { color: var(--muted); font-size: .83rem; }

.paper { padding: 24px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }
.paper:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.paper h3 { margin: 0 0 8px; font-family: 'Lora', serif; color: var(--navy); font-size: 1.12rem; }
.paper-meta { color: var(--muted); font-size: .85rem; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.paper p { margin-bottom: 10px; }
.paper a { font-weight: 500; text-decoration: none; }

.profile-note { background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 10px; padding: 22px; margin-top: 28px; }

footer { background: var(--navy); color: rgba(255,255,255,.65); padding: 26px 24px; text-align: center; font-size: .82rem; }
footer a { color: #8dc3e8; text-decoration: none; }

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .nav-inner { overflow-x: auto; }
  .nav-brand { display: none; }
  .nav-item > a { padding: 0 13px; }
  .cards, .cards.four, .concept-flow, .decision-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .dimension-list { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .atlas-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}
@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .hero { padding: 80px 22px 70px; }
  .hero h1 { font-size: 2.45rem; }
  .cards, .cards.four, .concept-flow, .decision-grid, .stat-row, .dimension-list { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .section, .page-content { padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; }
  .dropdown { display: none; }
}


/* MultiProxy.org additions */
.btn-light { background:#fff; color:var(--navy); border:1px solid var(--border); }
.btn-light:hover { background:#f3f6f8; transform:translateY(-1px); }
.compare-grid { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr; gap:22px; margin-top:30px; }
.compare-grid.compact { margin:28px 0; }
.compare-card { background:#fff; border:1px solid var(--border); border-radius:12px; padding:26px; }
.compare-card.highlight { border-color:#a9c9df; box-shadow:0 8px 26px rgba(46,109,164,.08); }
.compare-label { display:inline-block; color:var(--accent); font-size:.73rem; font-weight:600; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:.09em; margin-bottom:16px; }
.mini-flow { display:flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; gap:10px; background:#f7f9fb; border:1px solid #e6ebef; border-radius:9px; padding:20px 14px; margin-bottom:15px; text-align:center; }
.mini-flow b { color:var(--navy); font-size:.9rem; }
.mini-flow span { color:var(--accent); font-weight:700; }
.examples-grid { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr; gap:22px; }
.example-card { background:#fff; border:1px solid var(--border); border-radius:12px; padding:28px; }
.example-number { font-family:'Lora',serif; font-size:2.4rem; color:var(--accent); line-height:1; margin-bottom:12px; }
.example-card h3 { color:var(--navy); margin-bottom:10px; }
.example-card p { color:var(--muted); font-size:.92rem; }
.example-card .more { display:inline-block; margin-top:14px; text-decoration:none; font-weight:500; }
.method-diagram { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1fr auto 1fr auto 1fr; gap:14px; align-items:center; margin:30px 0; }
.method-diagram > div { background:#fff; border:1px solid var(--border); border-radius:10px; padding:20px; text-align:center; }
.method-diagram small { display:block; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:.08em; color:var(--accent); font-weight:600; margin-bottom:6px; }
.method-diagram strong { color:var(--navy); }
.method-diagram > span { color:var(--accent); font-weight:700; font-size:1.2rem; }
.roadmap { margin:32px 0 42px; }
.road-step { display:grid; grid-template-columns:54px 1fr; gap:18px; margin:0 0 16px; align-items:start; }
.road-step > span { width:48px; height:48px; border-radius:50%; display:flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; background:var(--navy); color:#fff; font-weight:600; }
.road-step > div { background:#fff; border:1px solid var(--border); border-radius:10px; padding:18px 20px; }
.road-step h3 { margin:0 0 5px; }
.road-step p { margin:0; color:var(--muted); }
.road-step.optional > span { background:var(--accent); }
.road-step.reuse > span { background:var(--green); }
.road-step h3 em { color:var(--muted); font-style:normal; font-weight:400; font-size:.85rem; }
.paper.featured { background:#fff; border:1px solid var(--border); border-left:4px solid var(--accent); border-radius:10px; padding:24px; margin-bottom:16px; }
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .compare-grid, .examples-grid { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
  .method-diagram { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
  .method-diagram > span { transform:rotate(90deg); text-align:center; }
  .mini-flow { flex-direction:column; }
  .mini-flow span { transform:rotate(90deg); }
}

/* Compact profile portraits for the team pages. */
.profile-intro { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 26px; margin-bottom: 24px; }
.profile-photo { width: 190px; height: 210px; flex: 0 0 190px; object-fit: cover; object-position: center; border-radius: 14px; box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
.profile-intro .lead { margin: 0; }
@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .profile-intro { align-items: flex-start; gap: 18px; }
  .profile-photo { width: 125px; height: 145px; flex-basis: 125px; }
}

/* Navigation clarity and wayfinding. */
.nav-item > a[aria-current="page"], .nav-item.section-current > button.nav-parent {
  color: #fff;
  box-shadow: inset 0 -3px #8dc3e8;
}
.nav-item:focus-within .dropdown { opacity: 1; pointer-events: all; transform: translateY(0); }
.nav-parent:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid #8dc3e8; outline-offset: -4px; }
.nav-item:focus-within .chevron { transform: rotate(180deg); }
.dropdown a[aria-current="page"] { background: var(--accent-soft); color: var(--accent); font-weight: 600; }

.breadcrumbs {
  background: #fff;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  padding: 12px 24px;
}
.breadcrumbs ol {
  max-width: 1160px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  list-style: none;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: .82rem;
}
.breadcrumbs li + li::before { content: "/"; color: #a4abb0; margin-right: 8px; }
.breadcrumbs a { text-decoration: none; }
.breadcrumbs a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.breadcrumbs [aria-current="page"] { color: var(--navy); font-weight: 600; }

#basic-idea, #what-this-adds, #why-different, #published-examples, #proxy-pools { scroll-margin-top: 76px; }

.page-turns { margin-top: 32px; }
.atlas-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin-top: 22px; }
.atlas-actions .btn { text-align: center; }
@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .breadcrumbs { padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; }
}

/* Approved November revision. Original base styles above are retained. */
.hero-tag, .page-tag { font-size: .9rem; }
#basic-idea > .section-label, #what-this-adds > .section-label,
#why-different > .section-label, #published-examples > .section-label,
#proxy-pools > .section-label { font-size: .95rem; }
.single-example { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
.example-card p + p { margin-top: 14px; }
.example-card .text-link { display: inline-block; margin-top: 16px; }
.text-link { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 500; text-decoration: none; }
.text-link:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.text-link:focus-visible, .btn:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 4px; }
.callout p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.callout .text-link { display: inline-block; margin-top: 10px; }
.callout h3 { margin-top: 0; }
.design-note { color: var(--muted) !important; font-size: .92rem; }
.research-figure { margin: 28px auto 16px; max-width: 660px; }
.research-figure img { width: 100%; height: auto; }
.research-figure figcaption { margin-top: 12px; color: var(--muted); font-size: .84rem; line-height: 1.6; }
.research-group { margin-top: 44px; }
.research-group > h2 { text-transform: uppercase; font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 2.7vw, 1.85rem); }
.research-group > h2::after { content: ''; display: block; width: 48px; height: 3px; background: var(--accent); margin-top: 12px; }
.paper-card { background: var(--white); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 12px; padding: 28px; margin: 0 0 22px; }
.paper-card h3 { font-family: 'Lora', serif; font-size: 1.22rem; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0 0 10px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.paper-card .paper-meta { font-size: .85rem; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 16px; }
.paper-card p { margin-bottom: 16px; }
.paper-resources { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: baseline; gap: 6px 10px; font-size: .87rem; margin-top: 20px; }
.resource-label, .resource-separator { color: var(--muted); }
.profile-photo { height: 265px; object-position: 50% 0%; }
/* Original dimension-list font sizes, padding and breakpoints are unchanged. */
[id] { scroll-margin-top: 82px; }
.nav-item.is-open .dropdown { opacity: 1; pointer-events: all; transform: translateY(0); }
@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .nav-inner { flex-wrap: wrap; overflow: visible; padding: 0 12px; }
  .nav-item > a, .nav-item > button.nav-parent { height: 48px; padding: 0 11px; }
  [id] { scroll-margin-top: 120px; }
}
@media (max-width: 650px) {
  .dropdown { display: block; min-width: min(260px, calc(100vw - 28px)); max-width: calc(100vw - 28px); }
  .nav-item:last-child .dropdown, .nav-item:nth-last-child(2) .dropdown { left: auto; right: 0; }
  .nav-item:hover:not(.is-open):not(:focus-within) .dropdown { opacity: 0; pointer-events: none; }
  .profile-photo { width: 125px; height: 175px; flex-basis: 125px; }
  .profile-intro { flex-wrap: wrap; }
  .profile-intro .lead { flex: 1 1 220px; }
  .paper-card { padding: 22px; }
  .hero-tag, .page-tag { font-size: .8rem; letter-spacing: .08em; }
}